2024-05-13T12:30:08
Rain Water Harvesting Storage Tanks -Æ Water
Management
Tank Size:
The size of the tank depends on various factors:
Rainfall: Consider the average annual rainfall, distribution throughout the year, and variations from year to year.
Catchment Area: Multiply the catchment area (often rooftops) in square feet by the event rainfall depth (in inches) and a conversion factor (0.623) to estimate the gallons of potential rainwater collected.
Security of Supply: For reliable water availability, especially if the tank is the sole water source, choose a size that provides a higher level of security.
Demand: Consider the number of family members, their water use habits, and the intended purpose (e.g., garden watering or indoor supply).
Tanks can range from small rain barrels (about 240 liters) for gardens to larger tanks (500 liters or more) for indoor use.
Materials:
Common materials for rainwater tanks include:
Plastic (Polyethylene): Lightweight, cost-effective, and widely used. However, polyethylene tanks are subject to algae growth and have a shorter lifespan due to UV exposure.
Concrete: Durable and suitable for larger tanks. Requires proper lining for potable water.
Galvanized Steel: Rust-resistant and available in various sizes. Often used for above-ground tanks.
Fiberglass: Requires a specific coating for potable water and prevents rusting at welded seams.
Stainless Steel: Resistant to rust and chemicals.
Choose the material based on local environmental conditions.
Tank Placement:
Underground tanks (masonry or RCC) are suitable for space-saving and are lined with waterproofing materials.
Surface tanks (GI sheet, RCC, plastic, or ferrocement) can be placed at a higher elevation on a raised platform.
Ensure an outlet pipe for cleaning purposes.
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